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What happened to Akram al Masri

What happened to Akram al Masri
by Marilyn Shepherd

One of the favourite statements made by the [former] Minister is that “people in detention can go home anytime they choose to co-operate with Australian authorities”.

But the cases of Akram al Masri and three other Palestinians gave us an excellent opportunity to claim release on a writ of habeas corpus due to the inability of the Minister to have other countries co-operate with his plans.

“I am Akram Ouda Mohammad al Masri of Palestine, currently of Woomera detention centre.

I am from the Gaza strip in the area under the control of the Palestinian Authority where I worked as a builder’s labourer. My wife Fatin and I were married on 22nd October 1999 and have a small son born on 9th September 2000.

I left Palestine because I was accused of being an Israeli collaborator. The Fatah shot my uncle in 1992 after he was accused of being an Israeli agent. On 3rd March 1994 members of the Fatah shot at our house as we were also being accused of collaborating with the Israelis.

My mother was shot in the chest and killed. I was shot in the head and taken to the Nasser Hospital. In 1999 the Preventative security forces arrested me and I was sentenced to 7 months imprisonment at the Tal Al Hawa prison.

After my release I was unable to obtain a permit from the Palestinian Authority to work in Israel again. I fled from Palestine as I was scared I would be arrested and tortured again.

After leaving Palestine on 7th April 2001, I travelled by boat to Ashmore Reef in June 2001 and was eventually flown here to Woomera.

On 2nd July I applied for a protection visa in Australia claiming refugee status which was refused on a primary decision on 21st September 2001. Subsequently I applied to the refugee review tribunal to have my case reheard, which was also refused.

I was advised on 5th December that the tribunal had rejected my claim by a DIMIA employee named Yvonne in the company of an Arabic interpreter, a psychologist and several ACM guards waiting outside.

When I asked Yvonne my further options she replied that I only had two, the first was to apply to the Federal Court and the second to return to the Gaza Strip. As I believed there was no hope of a favourable decision in the courts I asked to be able to return to Gaza.

My decision was partly based on the fact that the treatment in the Woomera detention centre was so bad, and the process so bad that I would rather return to the Gaza Strip to die with my family.

I signed the form to return that same day, and Yvonne told me I would need a valid passport and they would then be able to make arrangements for me to go home. On request I rang my brother in Palestine to send my passport to my Uncle Solomon Salim who lived in Sydney. Uncle Solomon received the passport and then sent it to an interpreter who works for ACM, who in turn passed it on to DIMA.

It’s my belief that DIMIA had the passport within 10 days of my request to go back to Gaza. When I signed to go back to Palestine no-one ever told me that there would be problems organising my return, no-one told me there might be a very long delay. I was given to understand that if I signed to leave, if I presented my passport on request I could leave very quickly.

At about Christmas time I went to the DIMIA office to find out why I had not been given a date to leave. Yvonne told me that they had not yet received a reply from DIMIA in Canberra. A week later I went back and there was still no reply.

One month after receiving my passport Yvonne told me arrangements had been made for me to leave on 18th February 2002. On the 18th I had packed my bags and was ready to leave, when I was called to the DIMIA office in Woomera.

Yvonne and David Frencham, the DIMIA Manager, told me I could not leave that day as Israel had refused my entry. They said they had also tried to get permission from Jordan, who had also refused my entry.

No reasons were given to me that day as to why I was refused entry, all they said was that arrangements could not be made for me to leave Australia. They said I should be patient when I asked what would happen next, but I became hysterical when they said I had to stay in detention.

I put my hand through a window and sustained injuries serious enough to keep me in the Woomera hospital for weeks.

A copy of the doctor’s report was given to us dated 20th February 2002 which stated:

I saw your patient on 19 February 2002.

He suffered a deep stab wound over the front of his right wrist. Clinical assessment was difficult due to the language problems. There was a complete loss of active flexion of the right index finger and some weakness of flexion of the middle and ring fingers. There also appeared to be some sensory impairment on the radial side of the hand. It was however, difficult to be certain about this. The circulation was not impaired.

Exploration of the wound was carried out under general anaesthesia on the same day. This showed a deep wound with complete cut of the flexor profundus and sublimis tendons to the index finger, and sublimis tendons to the ring and middle fingers. He also completely cut the palmaris longus and partially cut the flexor carpi radialis. Fortunately the median nerve was bruised but not cut.

The distal end of the cut tendons had retracted some distance and there was great difficulty in retrieving all the cut ends. Suturing of the flexor tendon was carried out in a two hour operation.

His immediate post-operative recovery was uneventful. He will require immobilisation of the wrist and fingers in flexion for about 6 weeks to protect the repair. This should then by followed by active mobilisation. This is likely to be a slow and protracted process.

Felix LimOrthopaedic Surgeon

Whyalla Hospital

However, on a follow up appointment and reassessment on 21st February Dr Lim reported:

He was taken back to the operating room on 21st February 2002. Exploration of the wound was carried out. This confirmed division of the flexor policis longus tendon. Both ends were retracted for some distance from the laceration, and exploration and retrieval of the cut ends was achieved with some difficulty.

The wound was closed and the right wrist immobilised in a plastic splint with the wrist in flexion. He will require this for about 6 weeks.

In our view this was a classic example of one of the Minister’s other mantras about the refugees as a “self-harm attempt to blackmail the Australian people”, without any regard to the despair felt by Akram when faced with the indefinite detention in Woomera through no fault of his own.

On 21st February four Palestinians sent a letter to the Minister with requests for release from detention:

“We are four Palestinians being held in detention here at the Woomera Immigration Reception and Processing Centre. Each of us has had our application for a protection visa rejected by the refugee review tribunal. We want to go home when it is safe but we have been told that your government, at this time, is unable to return us home in safety or to take us to a third country.

We do not want to be kept in isolated detention here at Woomera indefinitely. We cannot go to any court. We are no longer being detained to assist in processing of any claims nor to assist with our removal or deportation in the foreseeable future.

We understand that we cannot be released from detention unless you issue us with some form of visa. We think it would be very unfair to be kept in prolonged detention as punishment for having come to Australia or as a deterrent to other Palestinians thinking of coming here. After all, we have not been convicted or even charged with any criminal offence.

We can see no reason for our continued detention. Please release us into the Australian community until it is possible for us to go home or to a third country.

If you insist on keeping us in some form of detention, we ask that you provide us now with alternative detention arrangements similar to those being provided for some of the women and children in the Woomera township.

We hope the officers of your department will be able to help us now that we have come to the end of the road in applying for protection from your government.

Yours sincerely

Akram and the other men received no reply from the Minister about this letter, and a further letter was sent to the Minister on 28th March. This letter was also left unanswered.

“We are three of the Palestinians who wrote to you on February 21st. We are still being held in detention here at Woomera. We have not had any response to our previous letter. So might we repeat that we want to go home when it is safe, but we are told by your government at this time, is unable to return us home or to a third country.

We want to return to Palestine. If that is not possible we want you to return each of us safely to the country in which we previously lived or to some other country where we can live in peace. If you cannot do that in the next month, we ask that we be released from detention here at Woomera so that we can make our own arrangements for our future life in another country.”

On 18th April we sent a fax to the Egyptian Embassy asking them to confirm by 5 pm that day that the border crossings from Egypt to Palestine have been closed.

Please also advise whether it is possible for a person with a Palestinian passport to travel from Egypt to Palestine.

On 19th April we received the following fax from Mr Ashraf M Hamdy at the Egyptian Consulate, 1 Darwin Terrace, Yarralumla.

Dear Sir/Madam

With reference to your fax dated 18 April 2002 inquiring about the possibility for a person with a Palestinian passport to travel from Egypt to Palestine, we would like to advise the following:

1. In normal circumstances, a holder of a Palestinian passport can travel from Egypt to Palestine either via airplane from Al Arish airport to Gaza Airport, or through the crossing point of Rafah on the Egyptian border to Palestine.

2. However, due to the Israeli occupation and the closure of the border from the Palestinian side the border crossings from Egypt to Palestine is currently closed and the Gaza airport is not accessible.

Hoping this answer could be of help to your client.

Yours sincerely,

By April, when we took the affidavit from Akram no-one from DIMIA had been near him since February when they informed him he could not leave.

“I have requested in writing to see the DIMIA manager David Frencham twice since I was told I could not be returned but he has not seen me. No other person has been to see me from DIMIA.

I filled out the forms and gave them to the ACM guard who assured me he had spoken directly to David Frencham about my situation.

I have not signed any other forms about my situation since I signed to go back to Palestine. I now understand my situation to be that there are not countries that will accept me back, and that Australia will not grant me a protection visa. This means I am left here in the detention centre.

Another joint letter was sent to the Minister on 6th May 2002 and a reply was finally sent to Father Frank Brennan on their behalf on 3rd June.

“The issue with this group is not the question of their right of return to the Palestinian Territories (they either hold valid Palestinian National Authority travel documents or we believe we will be able to obtain them), it is the need for approval for their overland transit through the territories of a third country. We are negotiating with three relevant countries and believe this matter is capable of resolution.

Yet another letter was sent on 10th July:

How much longer must we wait here in the middle to the Australian desert while your public servants seek a resolution to our situation? Surely we have waited long enough. If we have to wait any longer, why cannot we wait in the Australian community until it is safe for us to return home?

Why can’t we have a regular review of our detention by a judge? Because it seems to us you are simply punishing us, using us as an example for other people who might want to come to Australia by boat. As you well know, we are no security risk or health risk to the Australian community.

You know well who we are. We are not being held in detention for processing. We are not being held in detention for any health and security reasons. Our health is now suffering badly.

On 15th August 2002, Justice Ronald Merkel in the Federal Court ruled Akram should be released from Woomera as the continued detention was unlawful.

The minister was ordered to release Akram immediately. Akram was ordered to give his address to his own solicitor on our behalf and the Government Solicitor and any change of address or contact details had to be given to both immediately.

The minister was further ordered to give notice in writing from the Australian Government Solicitor or an officer of the Department of Immigration as to the arrangements made for his removal from Australia.

In article 11 of the decision the applicant is required to be removed from Australia under s 198(1) which provides:

An officer must remove as soon as reasonably practicable an unlawful non-citizen who asks the minister, in writing to be removed.

In article 15 the minister claims that the applicant’s detention is, and remains, lawful for so long as it is for the purpose of his removal from Australia. The minister accepts that under s 196(1)(a) he is only entitled to detain the applicant pending the applicant’ removal but contends:

“In the circumstances of the applicant, the obligation is to detain until it is reasonably practicable to remove as requested. The scheme of the provisions in section 198, 196 and 198 of the act does not admit of he possibility that the applicant can be released otherwise. The reference to reasonable practicability in section 198 denies any implication that the length of detention must be reasonable, assessed independently of considerations of whether it is practicable to remove.”

The minister was arguing that he was allowed to keep imprisoned anyone without a visa for the length of his natural life if he wanted to.

In article 39 Justice Merkel stated that if the court is not satisfied that the minister is not taking “all reasonable steps”, or that removal is “not reasonably practicable” the implicit limitations on the detention power will not have been complied with or met and continued detention of the removee will no longer be authorised by the act.

The court has to be satisfied that the removal from Australia is reasonably practicable, in the sense that there must be a real likelihood or prospect of removal in the foreseeable future.

Justice Merkel, in article 51, stated:

“I regarded the failure of the minister to place the most recently available information before the court to enable a view to be formed as to the prospects for the applicant’s removal in the foreseeable future as significant.

It is some 8 months since the minister was first obliged to procure the applicant’s removal from Australia as soon as reasonably practicable. The final affidavit of the solicitor acting for the minister suggested that revealing to the court of the full details of factual information as to the prospects for the applicant’s removal would be likely to prejudice his removal to Gaza.

I do not regard the minister as having provided a sufficient explanation for the absence of evidence as to the present prospects of the applicant’s removal.

Article 53 states:

“the situation is that each of the countries to which the minister seeks to remove the applicant: Israel, Jordan, Egypt and Syria have refused to accede to the Department’s requests for permission for the applicant’s entry.

Further to the order for Akram’s release from detention Justice Merkel said that the minister still had find a way to have him safely removed to the Gaza strip.

The most compelling of the articles of the judgement were articles 60 to 63 which affirmed the right of people to claim asylum in Australia under Australian and International law. In verbatim the report stated:

In any event while it is literally correct to describe the applicant as an “unlawful” entrant and an “unlawful non-citizen” that is not a complete description of his position. The nomenclature adopted under the act provides for the description of persons as “unlawful non-citizens” because they arrived in Australia without a visa. This does not fully explain their status in Australian law as such persons are on-shore applicants for protection visas on the basis they are refugees under the Refugee convention.

The Refugees convention is a part of conventional international law that has been given legislative effect in Australia: see ss36 and 65 of the act. It has always been fundamental to the operation of the Refugees convention that many applicants for refugee status will, of necessity, have left their countries of nationality unlawfully and therefore, of necessity, will have entered the country in which they seek asylum unlawfully.

Jews seeking refuge from war-torn Europe, Tutsis seeking refuge from Rwanda, Kurds seeking refuge from Iraq, Hazaras seeking refuge from the Taliban and many others, may also be called “unlawful non-citizens” in the countries in which they seek asylum. Such a description however, conceals rather than reveals their lawful entitlement under conventional international law since the early 1950’s (which has been enacted into Australian law) to claim refugee status as persons who are “unlawfully” in the country in which the asylum application is made.

The Refugees convention implicitly requires that, generally, the signatory countries process applications for refugee status of on-shore applicants irrespective of the legality of their arrival, or continued presence in that country: see Article 31. That right is not only conferred upon them under international law but is also recognised by the act (see 3 36) and the Migration regulations 1994 (Cth) which do not require lawful arrival or presence as a criterion for a protection visa. If the position were otherwise many of the protection obligations undertaken by signatories to the Refugees convention, including Australia, would be undermined and ultimately rendered nugatory.(not valid)

Notwithstanding that the applicant is an “unlawful non-citizen” under the act who entered Australia unlawfully and has had his application for a protection visa refused, in making that application he was exercising a right conferred upon him under Australian law. As he is entitled to under the act the applicant has requested his removal and the minister is obliged to remove him but, in the circumstances of the present case, the Minister is no longer entitled to detain the applicant pending his removal.

In his summary before Akram was released to the custody of his uncle Justice Merkel further added that Akram was not an outlaw and that no-one had the right to detain him again.

He was released into the care of our lawyer, Kate Chisholm, and in a report in the AGE on Saturday 17th August 2002 thanked us for taking the case to the Federal Court for him and claimed he had been dumped at the gate of the centre.

I had a welcome for him at my home on his arrival in Adelaide, he could hardly stop beaming. However, he remained distressed for those left behind in terrible conditions. Finally in Australia he was free to walk on the beach, to visit the shops, to be with his family and see something beside red dust and desert.

Unfortunately though, his time in Australia didn’t end just then. The minister had appealed against the court decision and on Friday 30th August on the way back from the Woomera hospital with Paul Boylan, Akram was arbitrarily arrested and taken to prison in Port Augusta.

When Paul questioned the police he was told it was under orders from the minister under the migration act. On Saturday 31st August we were lucky enough to have an emergency session in the court which ordered his release from prison and back into our custody. The day was strange and surreal for a good many people on that day.

My great friend and cousin, Paul Moran, was at a picnic for refugees. He spent the day enjoying the sun and interviewing Afghani refugees to show on Al-Jazeera TV on his return to the middle east. While he was in the sun, I was racing to the airport to rescue Akram from a mad attempt by the minister to send him to the Perth detention centre away from the courts, and away from all legal representation.

Akram’s crime was to seek asylum, to fail, and to ask to go home.

Following this trauma we were back in the court on Monday 2nd September and Akram was so depressed by events we ordered a psychiatric assessment on the day before.

Dr Paul Cummins, psychologist, interviewed and questioned Akram for about two hours as regards to his situation.

Dr Cummins stated:

“There are difficulties in diagnosis and attribution in a case such as this and without medical records I relied on Mr al-Masri’s stated history. After two hours of questioning I had to stop because Mr al-Masri was too distressed and exhausted to continue. I would ideally like further time but time makes this impossible.

However, in psychological terms, Mr al-Masri currently suffers from a severe Major Depressive Disorder and a panic disorder under the DSM-IV criteria. Mr al-Masri is experiencing serious psychological distress and I recommend immediate psychiatric referral for appropriate examination, treatment and possible medication.

It seemed clear that Mr al-Masri had suffered from post traumatic stress disorder prior to his arrival in Australia, the cause for this was the witnessing the murder of his mother and his uncle in Gaza. However, on his arrival his psychological condition appears to have been normal and has seriously deteriorated since his detention in Woomera.

This appears to be, to a significant degree, a result of the conditions he has experienced at the Woomera detention facility, as well as fears for his life and safety is his visa applications are refused and he must return to Gaza.

A panic disorder is arguably one of the most distressing of psychological conditions. Anti-anxiety medication at a minimum should be offered, self-managing psychological treatment strategies would also, ideally, be offered. Must crucially in my opinion, it is my opinion that Mr al-Masri should not be detained again. I believe that such a move, to a person with a Panic disorder is so distressing to be beyond the level of an ordinary person’s experience to imagine. It could result in further attempts at self-harm.

In court on 2nd September the minister was ordered to leave Akram out of detention, but the minister also had arranged to have him “removed” from Australia fairly quickly.

On 7th September, after a few days in a motel room with two other Palestinians Akram was allowed to leave the country, cross into Gaza and be with his family.

The decision was appealed by the Minister and the decision was passed down on 15th April 2003 upholding the Justice Merkel’s earlier decision that the detention was unlawful.

It was too late to keep Akram from suffering the most terrible pain and deprivation, but will help many other asylum seekers in the detention centres still.

Again the minister is considering an appeal.

However, an immediate effect of the decision in the Federal Court was to have a further eight asylum seekers released. One man from Iraq has been imprisoned for 3 years and 9 months while everyone else on his boat was released long ago.

Dr Amir was on the same boat as the man Ali, so why was Amir released and not Ali? Apparently because the minister wanted Ali to go back to Syria, even though is it not his country of origin.

None of us has the first idea why the minister is so determined to keep out asylum seekers no matter what the cost. They have broken no laws, committed no crimes, yet have fewer rights than the most hardened of criminals.

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Beaten and tear gassed and water cannoned?

“if you were locked up in a desert cage for five years without trial or charge, you were beaten and tear gassed and water cannoned and you had committed no crime what would you do?”

In nearly all emotive matters exaggeration and emotional slogans masquerade as truths, but they are essentially beliefs and do need to be logically challenged. It is all too easy to write a few emotionally charged sentences laced with emotive words such as “trial without charge” and “beaten”, and “tear gassed”, but perhaps a more balanced and credible view can be obtained from well researched academic papers that put aside emotive rhetoric and present logical and reasoned arguments based on facts.

Gary Klintworth is a former member of the Refugee Review Tribunal and wrote an informative paper entitled Woomera: Hell Holes and Mandatory Detention of Illegal Immigrants.

Fiona: Welcome to Webdiary, Franklin. If you wish to continue submitting comments for publication on Webdiary, a full name is required, not an alias. If you do not give a full name (or supply the editors with a reason why you must use a pseudonym), this registration will be suspended.

Ah, Franklin so here you are

Franklin, you are well known for posting spurious information about secondary movements and so on.

And no matter how many times and how many people tell you that you are talking rubbish you keep trotting out the same old nonsense.

Now as 98% of those people you claim are secondary movers are now citizens in this country you should be content to simple maintain silence.

And Gary Klinworth is hardly worth reading as he just peddles the same crap as Ruddock.

There are no unauthorised arrivals, no illegal immigrants and the rest is rot.

I have the ACM descriptions of what they did in Woomera, I have the photos and the pictures of the staff grinning like idiots with the tear gas guns and riot gear they used to monster innocent people with.

Refugees have a legal right to seek protection in this country Franklin and you would do well to listen to the judges in our courts rather than the prats in the RRT who go so many cases dead wrong.

Where does it end?

"Akram’s crime was to seek asylum, to fail, and to ask to go home."

Those were your words, Marilyn. Akram asked to go home.

You say: "The point is that he was a refugee and should never, ever have been denied refugee status."

Presumably because his life was under threat. Otherwise, why would you use Akram as an example, if not because he was killed when he went home?

Why otherwise are we being asked to consider "What happened to Akram al Masri"?

But then, once the facts about how Akram was actually killed, you change your tune.

Suddenly: "The article is written about what happened to Al Masri here, not his recent murder.

You've chosen, at very least, a poor example to support your argument.

Certainly Akram's story was heartrending and awful, but his fate ultimately depended not on the Australian government at all, but on what happened in Palestine.

If Akram should have been kept here, given his murder, then why not all those others, too involved in the clan warfare? Should we admit them as refugees, too?

How about people in Mexico caught up in the drug gang wars? Why not battered wives from the United Kingdom? How about girls fleeing arranged marriages in India?

Where does it end?

Strewth

Thank you Alga for the following comment addressed to me:

 You speak of openness, yet wish to suppress my views when you have no idea of what they are, only what logically I am against.

You've every right to express your views.  Please, the more the better as it gives me a good laugh and makes me wonder what they have been putting in your drinking water. 

Now, what do you mean by ideologist?

Windowless boxes of a life

"Alga, if you were locked up in a desert cage for five years without trial or charge, you were beaten and tear gassed and water cannoned and you had committed no crime what would you do?

Your entire argument is utterly spurious because all those people you claim are so violent and dangerous are now citizens of this fair land.”

Marilyn, those you emotionally describe as being gassed and beaten, where those who rioted, destroyed their accommodation and the decent facilities designed to hold them until it could be proved they were who they say they were and not a threat to our society. They were also the ones who are violent in nature, either destroyed their personal identification, or failed to bring it with them, which could mean they travelled through many countries deceptively, or destroyed their documentation before finally embarking to Australia.

The people I know don't describe Woomera as a hell hole, but a comfortable place they would've preferred not to be. However their stay was reasonably short as they had their documentation and were honest in their interviews, they disliked intensely those in the camp who did nothing but complain, lie and did everything to disrupt the processes. Why don't you support people who are honest about their stance and not nut cases who are clearly motivated by deceptive intent. But then devout ideologists have only one thing on their minds, themselves and their bizarre beliefs.

Anthony Nolan I thank you for one thing, providing proof of the style of moderation on this site. However, you looking in a mirror and then accusing others of what you see, is a common trait of ideological clones living in square boxes of programmed delusion.

“Democracy is a form of government in which power is held by people under a free electoral system.

In political theory, democracy describes a small number of related forms of government and also a political philosophy. Even though there is no universally accepted definition of 'democracy',[4] there are two principles that any definition of democracy includes. The first principle is that all members of the society have equal access to power and the second that all members enjoy universally recognized freedoms and liberties.”

Our country is not a democracy, as the power is not held by the people, because of a corrupt and unconstitutional voting system. Our country would be a democracy if we have direct voting instead if unconstitutional indirect preferential voting, meaning all votes end up with the two faction religious right controlling Australia.

We have no real freedoms or liberties, as those in power can take what they like when they want any time, as we see every day and unless you are one of them or have lots of money, you have no hope. We don't have the right to choose who comes to our country to stay, that's decided by those whose only desire is profit from more consumers and not the future ecological or social stability of the country.

Justice, not for victims of crime, nor the average person, just the elite and their ideological associates. Our legal system is about power and money, not justice unless it gets big headlines for the corrupt monolithic legal system to give some form of illusion to cover the real truth.

Hate, is only found in the ideologically inept, so your post is a reflection of yourself. I am nothing like what you describe and others wish to think. Your type of thoughts, are thoughts of hope and only come from egocentric ideological and religious elitists. When their delusions are revealed, they first resort to being holier than thou, accusations, threats and finally violence in what ever way they can find. You see it world wide in the realms of the god psychopathy. You speak of openness, yet wish to suppress my views when you have no idea of what they are, only what logically I am against.

Fear, again the realm of the ideologist, as their deepest fear is to be wrong, laughably they always are, just like you. I know fear, real fear so I understand what it is, and how to overcome it. But it's clear you have no idea other than fear of your self deception falling apart. Ideologists look down their noses at those who live life fully and responsibly, as they cringe in an ideological and economic windowless box of a mind.

Alga, you do go on

Which babies burnt down their rooms, Alga?  Which ones of the 4 and 7 year old kids needed to be tear gassed for rioting?

Come on, tell us why you think it is acceptable to treat human beings in such a fashion.

Why did Shayan Badraie deserve to have five ACM guards holding him down to force feed him?

Why did a 9 year old rape victim deserve to be locked up in a concentration camp in the desert with people just like her rapist?

I don't mean to be picky, but how a person dies is indicative

Marilyn Shepherd: "Eliot, do you bother to read or just nit pick?"

Well, I don't mean to nit-pick, Marilyn, but to anyone who didn't know that

  •  Akram was actually killed in an inter-tribal feud that also claimed various other members of the two conflicted extended families, and
  • Akram actually sought permission to leave Australia for Gaza

a superficial reading of your story might otherwise lead some people thinking he had been killed by Fatah after being deported from here, or something. On political grounds, maybe?

No disrespect, but the circumstances of his death are, I would say, crucial to Akram's story, wouldn't you say?

I don't consider it nit-picking to point out the fundamental fact of how he died, given you are supposedly writing an account of 'what happened' to him.

Without meaning to seem picky, but how a person dies is fairly indicative of 'what happened' to them, no? Their actual death?

Nobody could accuse me of being a friend of Fatah murder squads, so it's not as if I'm trying to do them some favour by observing that Akram's death in Gaza had nothing to do with Fatah, his political beliefs, the conflict between Hamas and Fatah, the Israeli Arab conflict, or any of the circumstances that might normally be regarded as relevant to his status as a 'refugee'.

Otherwise, you might just as easily argue that Tony Mokbel is a 'refugee' from Australia or anyone fleeing gangland violence in Melbourne is a 'refugee' from Victoria.

It maybe a moot point in your view, but possibly fairly fundamental to others' understanding of the topic.

Here, Eliot, here

The story is about what happened to the man in Woomera and at the hands of Philip Ruddock and the fact that he asked to go home means not much as he was offered a lifetime in Woomera or a ticket home if Israel would let him in.

The point is that he was a refugee and should never, ever have been denied refugee status.

Oh that is strange

I've been reading Alga's contributions for a while and have noted the patience with which diarists explain, over and over, fundamental principles of democracy and justice and due process and so on. 

But I'm convinced now that Alga is channeling Joh.  He ain't dead folks.  There is the same hatred of the educated, the same paranoid mindset and deep fear of difference.  Don't be fooled I say.  Remember the ignorance and loathing that ruled in Queensland and give it the short shrift that it is due.

Have no truck with proto-fascists.  The quibbling, querulous demands that we have pity on their lack of confidence and semi-literacy mask a deep and abiding hatred of decency, openness and dialogue which are the hallmarks of a democratic citizen.  These types are their opposite.

Wrong again

Richard I try not to be personal, but being accused of hatred, is a personal attack. It does seem some are allowed almost free reign, whilst others are set upon by the clique at any opportunity they can find, to maintain their assumed superiority.

“Now which part of that don't you get?

If anyone had broken the law they would have been charged. Wouldn't they?

And if people's lives are in danger what is wrong with a small deception to get to safety? Are you to inform us that you would sit idly by to be shot again while Australia made up her mind that you could come?

As for your claims about Woomera or detention being a holiday camp you are living in Noddy Land.

What a ridiculous debate you seem to want to conduct when you are looking at it from the prism of a crime committed.

There is no crime, never was. The crime was in 1938 when we denied access to Jews.”

I get it all Marilyn, but aren't prepared to accept any of your reasoning or apologetics. I understand deception is an accepted part of ideological psychology, as an ideologist you see nothing wrong with it at all. You don't seem to realise in your fervent zeal to understand I am against those who come through many countries which they could have stayed in safely, to get to Australia and try to sneak in. I'm not against those who go through the right channels, but I acknowledge your illogical stance.

As it was put to me, being in Woomera was a holiday home compared to Afghanistan where the two people I spoke to came from, personally I don't know. But their description was not one of a prison camp, but a clean comfortable place to stay until they could be classified, they accepted the situation as they were trying to escape violence and ideological suppression in their own land. Unlike others who did all they could to disrupt, destroy the facilities and do all in their power to escape, whilst demanding they get what they want and you support those people and their actions.

Wrong again Marilyn, I'm not looking at it from a perspective of a crime committed, but from a ration and logically sane aspect, not an emotional ideological aspect. I brought up ethical and sane reasoning which you dismiss, preferring to stick with the emotional and disruptive side of the situation. This has cost the country millions and probably disenfranchised many who really need this countries protection, more than the nutters you support. I also see the Australian judiciary and legal system as completely incompetent, corrupt and useless for equality of legal opportunity and justice. All the legal system does is support it's vested interests, bleed the average person of any hope of justice and fatten the bank balances of the socially and logically inept.

In relation to the Jews, stiff, the quicker Israel disappears, the quicker the world will settle down a bit. You don't want to debate Marilyn, you may just want to be right at all costs and probably insult and belittle to achieve that aim, not very nice dear.

Michael We both know big business and the government are happy to renege on any contract they enter into, unless it is with their mates, then they compensate them for their ill deeds. The average person is just fodder for their greed and the bureaucracy is twice as bad as they have no accountability for any of their actions, only long term rewards. When you come to someone's house, you are expected to abide by the requirements they set, that's an ethical contract. A visa sets out the length of your contract and the conditions of your stay in this country. Why should we have to justify our position in wanting to keep this country safe from the viewable shambles of the world under the control of despotic ideological controlled countries. I don't accept holier than thou ideologists demanding we dispose of any form of protection and open our doors to whatever violent, disruptive and religious nut case wanting to come here. I understand the European followers of god who invaded this country never gave a thought for those who inhabited and looked after it and it's future for so many thousands of years, nothing has changed. When it comes to god and its followers, they are just following the pattern of their ancestors, be right at any cost and bugger the outcomes.

Yeah right

Alga, if you were locked up in a desert cage for five years without trial or charge, you were beaten and tear gassed and water cannoned and you had committed no crime what would you do?

Your entire argument is utterly spurious because all those people you claim are so violent and dangerous are now citizens of this fair land.

non-binding contracts

Surely you are nit-picking, Alga, re visas as contracts. The number of simiar 'contracts' I've made with government departments both State and Federal over the years where the other party has broken the agreement would see me in a lifetime of litigation were I actually to go to court over the matters.

I'm curently involved in a ding dong battle with the ATO over personal tax. I reckon they have reneged on agreements at least six times and most certainly broken their contractual agreement in their dealing with me as  a taxpayer.

Pointing out their obligations gets me nowhere of course - just more aggro.

The reality of the law, Alga

Consider the Palestinian case of Akram who was released from detention by order of the Federal Court granting habeas corpus. [10] On 15August 2002. He arrived on Ashmore Reef in July 2001. In Woomera he was processed and rejected. He formally applied to be returned home. He packed his bags expecting to leave in February. On 18 February a public servant told him that he could not be moved anywhere. He went berserk understandably and smashed his right hand through a plate glass door, being hospitalised for weeks. With other Palestinians in the same situation he then wrote to Minister Ruddock in February, March, May and July 2002 asking to be returned home or at least released from punitive detention.

Justice Merkel had the opportunity to observe the unhelpfulness of some of the public political language used in these situations. He said:

60 In any event, while it is literally correct to describe the applicant as an "unlawful" entrant and an "unlawful non-citizen" that is not a complete description of his position. The nomenclature adopted under the Act provides for the description of persons as "unlawful non-citizens" because they arrived in Australia without a visa. This does not fully explain their status in Australian law as such persons are on-shore applicants for protection visas on the basis that they are refugees under the Refugees Convention.

The Refugees Convention is a part of conventional international law that has been given legislative effect in Australia: see ss 36 and 65 of the Act. It has always been fundamental to the operation of the Refugees Convention that many applicants for refugee status will, of necessity, have left their countries of nationality unlawfully and therefore, of necessity, will have entered the country in which they seek asylum unlawfully. Jews seeking refuge from war-torn Europe, Tutsis seeking refuge from Rwanda, Kurds seeking refuge from Iraq, Hazaras seeking refuge from the Taliban in Afghanistan and many others, may also be called "unlawful non-citizens" in the countries in which they seek asylum. Such a description, however, conceals, rather than reveals, their lawful entitlement under conventional international law since the early 1950's (which has been enacted into Australian law) to claim refugee status as persons who are "unlawfully" in the country in which the asylum application is made.

Enough already of the “illegal immigrant” crap, people smugglers and other nonsense continually being spouted by journalists.

Not a word of it is true.

The Indian Ocean solution

Marilyn: "Jews seeking refuge from war-torn Europe, Tutsis seeking refuge from Rwanda, Kurds seeking refuge from Iraq, Hazaras seeking refuge from the Taliban in Afghanistan and many others, may also be called "unlawful non-citizens" in the countries in which they seek asylum."

Perhaps using Akram as an example is confusing people, Marilyn. As you pointed out:  "He arrived on Ashmore Reef in July 2001. In Woomera he was processed and rejected. He formally applied to be returned home. He packed his bags expecting to leave in February. On 18 February a public servant told him that he could not be moved anywhere."

Ironically and tragically, he might still be alive if he didn't go home to Gaza, being caught up in a clan feud there and killed.

Had Rudd been in office in 2002, he might have ended up at Christmas Island, Rudd's new refugee shame.

For background on Chistmas Island detention centre, readers should refer to this Green Left Weekly editorial piece -  Christmas Island: Howard's new refugee shame.

Attributions

Eliot Ramsey, these words:

Jews seeking refuge from war-torn Europe, Tutsis seeking refuge from Rwanda, Kurds seeking refuge from Iraq, Hazaras seeking refuge from the Taliban in Afghanistan and many others, may also be called "unlawful non-citizens" in the countries in which they seek asylum.

are the words of His Honour Mr Justice Merkel, which should have been evident to you if you had (a) read Marilyn Shepherd's comment carefully, and/or (b) taken the trouble to follow the link to Merkel J's judgment.

Please take just a little more care with your attributions, Eliot.

After all, you wouldn't want to be accused of trying to misrepresent anybody.

Would you?

Mea culpa

Twasn't  the author who misattributed, but the moderator.  There wasn't any attribution at all,and I was far from awake. Apologies Eliot and Fiona... 'tis the silly season I guess.

I'll sentence myself to fifty lashes.. it being Monday after all...

Tis the season to be jolly...

No problem. I didn't think I'd made an attribution to Marilyn for that quote, but couldn't rule out a slip of the clip-board.

No harm done...

Sheesh, I know Akram's story

I wrote the bloody story from his files.

Eliot, do you bother to read or just nit pick?

Why should I fear that happening?

Why should I fear that happening? Is there anything inconsistent between what Mr Justice Merkel is saying and what Marilyn is saying?

Contractual legalities

Marilyn, of course they are allowed to come here, most apply for and sign a visa, in which they legally agree to leave Australia when their Visa expires. A visa is no different to any other legal contract, which means you adhere to the requirements to obtain the legal right to enter Australia. I believe all rational people are prepared to stand by their obligations in contractual arrangements, which are not deceptive or designed to disenfranchise the parties, a Visa is a contractual arrangement.

Are you saying people who disregard their contractual arrangements and lie about their intent, should be seen as honest and reputable, when you would be the first to scream if someone reneged on a contract with you, which caused you financial, social and ecological harm. I am fully acquainted with what happened to Al Masri whilst he was in this country deceptively, I don't believe anyone should be subjected to repressive acts, or unnecessary incarceration.

That's why, unless under extreme circumstances, asylum seekers who come here deceptively, should he placed on a return flight, or their boats turned around and they are safely returned to the place of their embankment.

I've served time in a couple of the most notorious maximum security prisons in the country. Detention centres are holiday homes without leave passes; it's only some of the people and their actions which give the impression they are more than restrictive institutions designed to curtail peoples movements, until they can be properly classified. I've also met two people who were in Woomera, they said it was fine and they got what they needed, but they did have negative things to say about those who only caused trouble and constantly made demands, which is typical of those trying to hide truth

Your continuous assertions that I hate are typical of your ideological inadequacy, if you knew me and my life then you may see things differently, but I couldn't care less. It's probably because I'm not an educated person and struggle to compile my responses satisfactorily for programmed ( educated) ideologists, which narks you. Sorry about that, but it's your problem not mine.

There are many successful do gooders, I believe it depends on who you aim to help which determines doing good. The first priority should be to your immediate community, followed by your state and country.

Richard: Alga, this post is/was dangerously on the edge of personal abuse. Please keep decorum.

Alga, prove deceit

 A visa is just a stamp, it is not a bloody royal decree.    

 As Gummow J indicated in Al-Kateb at [86] ff, the current Migration Act, unlike its precursors, does not make it an offence for an unlawful non-citizen to enter or to be within Australia in contravention of, or in evasion of, the Act.

31 Further, as Hayne J observed in Al-Kateb at 207]-[208] the description of a person's immigration status as "unlawful" serves as no more than a reference to a non-citizen not having a "valid permission to enter and remain in Australia". The use of the term "unlawful" does not as such refer to  breach of a law."

Now which part of that don't you get?

If anyone had broken the law they would have been charged.  Wouldn't they?

And if people's lives are in danger what is wrong with a small deception to get to safety?  Are you to inform us that you would sit idly by to be shot again while Australia made up her mind that you could come?

As for your claims about Woomera or detention being a holiday camp you are living in Noddy Land.

What a ridiculous debate you seem to want to conduct when you are looking at it from the prism of a crime committed.

There is no crime, never was.  The crime was in 1938 when we denied access to Jews.

The Al Masri clan

“So Alga, try and find a lick of sense to write about instead of spewing out hate and bile will you dear? “

Well Marilyn Shepherd, it doesn't take long for ideologists to resort to their lowest common denominator and start accusing others of hate, when they display condescending hate for rational logic and the health of this country, by forcing their primitive notion that humans some how are more important that sanity, social stability and ecological sustainability. So they stoop to fake accusations, apologetics and denial. Hate is purely the realm of those ideologists who accuse others of it, you get it all the time from god loving primitives, no logic, sense or reason, so they start spewing out their empty accusations and display their hate for those with disagree with their illogical stance. Add their primitive ideological egocentricity and you have the situation the world faces today, carnage.

Human rights, you must be joking, show me where in the world there is displayed anything but so called human rights to destroy all life ideologists come in contact with, particularly if they believe in god. On one hand you wish to flood this country with those who suppress the rights of all life, on the other hand you want this country to allow what is happening else where in the world, when you allow open entry to violent mentally unstable primitives into relatively calm countries on their terms. Then you declare they must have these mythical human rights, whilst the people of this country have no right to determine who or who should not come here, especially when they pay large sums, lie their way in, display a preponderance for violence and follow primitive suppressive cults, very logical indeed.

Your link proves nothing and I have read it before, it says nothing about why Al Masri came here. I did some research on the Al Masri clan from Palestine yesterday and found they have been violently feuding for the last hundred years, resorting to all kinds of violence to gain an upper hand. I'd like to know how Al Masri can be an atheist, when his clan is extremely religious. But then again it is a well know fact that god believers deem it appropriate to lie to those they don't see as their equals, to gain advantage, the world is filled with verifiable examples throughout history. If these people were turned around as soon as they landed, we wouldn't be paying out millions, just to satisfy the egos of do gooders who always stuff things up in the end for the majority, as we see with the politically correct cult, a pathetic failure. So the money was spent on them, as without them coming here, no money would have been wasted.

Yeah right

The most ludicrous thing you have said to date is that they shouldn't come here and then no money would be wasted.

That's nice dear but the reality is that they are allowed to come here.   Full stop.  End of story.

And nothing is going to change that absolute fact of law.

Now stop the hate and bile and read what happened to Al Masri in Australia and ask yourself if he actually deserved the abuse he received.

As for being a do-gooder, I don't think that there is anything wrong with being a do-gooder, I revel in it.  Because it sure as hell beats being a bad doer.

Little Jack Horner

Even though his language is abrasive, there is a germ of truth in what Alga says. Indeed, we must treat all persons in our jurisdiction with dignity and humanity. Nevertheless, we need to remember that only a very few make it to countries as far away as Australia. The vast majority move to neighboring countries ( some of which don't have sufficent resources for their own people, much less refugees).

It is not rational to spend relatively large sums of money on a few, and neglect the many.

It seems to me, that if we were serious about solving the tragedy of refugees, we would strengthen the UN's civil/military powers to act qucikly, decisively and independently of the politcal process when it judges a state has failed, or when a country invades anotehr. Our governments, of course don't want that, partly because they don';t want to cede a level of autonomy to the UN, and partly because the tragedy is partly caused by our own manipulations.

You are right, sort of

Jay you are sort of right but the problem is that we don't spend money to help people, we spend billions to torment people.

Let's look at this - $240,000 to lock up one child, then have to let them out.  Why lock them up in the first place?

We spent $24 million per year to keep 2 Iraqis locked up on Nauru for 2 years.   Thats $48 million.

Chris Evans said last month that we had sent $16 million to the UNHCR.  For over 20 million refugees.

We demand that the world end 5 year refugee problems and solve them, then spends over $1 million per person to keep one or two people locked up for up to 7 years without trial or charge.

The Karens in Thailand have been there for over 20 years, Pakistan has hosted 7 million Afghans for 30 years because the stupid west keep attacking Afghanistan.

Palestinians like Akram have been refugees since 1948 and will remain so for as long as Israel disobeys the UN and the rights of those refugees.

As for not being captive to the UN the reality is that we claim spuriously that the UNHCR "chooses" those few refugees we re-settle outside the refugee system as a voluntary migration program.

We are the ones breaking the law and nothing Alga talks about is true.

Expensive social misfits

Marilyn: "It makes not a lick of difference how many countries Akram crossed to get here. 98% of the people who passed through those countries are still here. And what do you call a sane country dear? Are countries sane? Akram is not from Lebanon."

Coming through many other countries shows the intent was not to flee persecution, but to specifically get to Australia and be prepared to pay for it. I would send all those coming from middle eastern and northern Asian countries by boat back to where they came from straight away, or one of the countries they transited through.

A reasonably sane country is one where you don't have religions or other suppressive ideologies trying to control the lives of the inhabitants, where moral and politically correct insanities are kept to a minimum, sadly we are losing the plot in those directions. You never find sanity in countries or people who are under the control of religious cultures and their associated despotic barbarities and suppressions.

These people are primitive war mongers and they bring that mentality to our shores, that's why they are prepared to self harm and act like spoilt brats to get their way. Their lives revolve around suppression and violence, just look at their women, yet some want to flood this country with this form of suppressive religious insanity. That's the only type of empty logic we can expect from those living in ideological fairy lands.

The huge amount of money wasted on people like this, would be better spent on the indigenous, mentally ill and disabled, instead of adding more and more misfits to our welfare lines and increasing social disruption.

Alga

Have a look (pdf) at why Akram and the others had to come to Australia and then get back to us.

It still makes not a jot of difference how many countries people fly over to get here to seek asylum.   They fly from Russia, Serbia, Croatia, Peru, Brazil, China, Korea, India and even the US and apply for asylum.

Because it is a right in international and Australian law to do so.   The rest of your pap is just pap.

As for the notion that our refugees are primitive war mongers might I suggest that the people who came here were fleeing from war and oppression, not creating it.

I have just had a long conversation with an Afghan man who was in Woomera for almost a year during the time you depict as war mongering and most sensible people would call a reaction to the treatment dished out to them as with Akram and the unaccompanied kids I have spoken about.

He has married, got a small daughter, a full time job, bought a house and wants to write a book.  Pretty good for a war mongering religions nut.

Except of course he is an atheist and pacifist.

And none of the money you talk of was spent "on them"; it was squandered by locking them up in cages when it was not required.

Perhaps you can explain why the Howard mob thought it was sensible to spend $240,000 per year to lock up one child in Baxter, or $1 million for one child in Port Hedland when they had to let them out anyway, but I can't.

I agree that the $170 million spent on the lunacy of Woomera could have been spent on housing for aborigines but Ruddock wouldn't do it.  He was minister for both at the time.   Now the reality is that of 840 Afghan kids who came here with their parents only 5 were ever deported and that was to the wrong country on illegal documents.

So Alga, try and find a lick of sense to write about instead of spewing out hate and bile will you dear?

320+ asylum seekers arrive in Australia every month, don't see them locked up and demonised though do we?

Richard:  One day over the summer, Marilyn, I'm going to dig up all the instances of Howard ministers uttering the lie that seeking asylum in Australia is illegal.  I suspect it will be quite a list.

Marilyn

I must confess that I have only read a section of your lengthy article and I cannot quote or select any issues about which could argue - even if I wanted to.

I have never had any quarrel with the sincerity or feelings in your posts - in fact I agree with your sentiments and would never contradict your factual quotes.

Saying that I support your views is an individual opinion that wouldn't have much value, but I do mean it.

And I wish you well - a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year.

Cheers Ern G.

Not Australia compatible

Whilst I have sympathy for genuine refugee's who we invite to this country, we have to understand this person had to pay to go through many countries before reaching Australia and had to pay a large sum of money for the final boat trip from a country of his own faith. Considering these people are god loving beings and the countries surrounding where they come from are also god loving countries, why don't they stay in one of those. God loving countries are basket case of violence debauchery and slaughter all in the name of god. Yet some want these emotional misfits and viewable uncontrollable people coming here and bringing their barbaric ways of life with them, seems like a death wish to me.

If countries of their own belief won't take them, why must we, a reasonably sane country, want to accept clearly violent people here. Childishly they seem to think if they throw tantrums, harm themselves and create problems they will gain sympathy and get what they want. Only immature children and emotionally out of control and primitively minded adults throw tantrums, demanding they get treated as they want and not in the manner those helping them need to. In the god fuelled countries they came from and those they passed through, they would be treated much worse than here, yet some do everything to encourages these trouble makers to come here and demand we allow them to stay under their conditions.

Our country is struggling under the weight of diminishing ecological resources because of too many people, yet the ideological want to make it worse by importing more of these trouble makers. They also want them to be allowed to come here with no checks and get more benefits than those born here.

Spend the money on real Australians and send back all those not invited to Australia. Otherwise we will end up like lots of European countries, filled with religious violence, or maybe follow England which will have a majority muslim population in a few years, a wonderful thought for the future. More god lovers, means more trouble, there are no other supporting facts.

Akram al Masri may have feared for his life in Lebanon, but that's the nature of his belief, culture and lifestyle and it's not Australia compatible.

Alga, do you bother to read anything at all?

It makes not a lick of difference how many countries Akram crossed to get here. 98% of the people who passed through those countries are still here. And what do you call a sane country dear? Are countries sane?

Akram is not from Lebanon.

I sent McGeough the details

Eliot, I sent McGeough the news that Akram had been slaughtered in the hope that he could find out why.

He did.  Do you think I don't bother to read these sorts of reports after I provide details?

Perhaps the entire Masri clan be granted refugee status

Marilyn Shepherd:  "Do you think I don't bother to read these sorts of reports after I provide details?"

I'm sure you read them, yes. So, you knew that the killings were part of an on-going feud between the two clans and not random, gratuitous killings by Fatah at all? That both clans were involved, with killings on boths sides. Dozens of them.

I'm glad you cleared that up. I thought perhaps you just didn't know.

Also, what should be done for the surviving Masri clan, seeing as they are to the same extent as Akram likely to be victims of the on-going violence between the two clans.

Should the entire Masri clan be granted refugee status in Australia?

Perhaps that's the solution to clan violence in Fatah. Sort feuding clans into two groups: (a) those that stay in Gaza (b) those who move over here.

Perhaps the Rudd government would be more open to that sort of idea than the racist, fascist, heartless, stupid Howard regime.

Probably. I wouldn't be surprised.

Eliot

The story is about what happened to Akram before he came to Australia and while he was in Australia.

Which part of that don't you get?

If the moderator can't be bothered pointing out to Eliot how he upsets people then I give up on this forum.

Richard:  Point taken, Marilyn.  Eliot, more of an eye on the ball than on the player, please.  Marilyn, it would help if you could do the same..

Yes, Eliot

The article is written about what happened to Al Masri here, not his recent murder.

As Akram was forcibly deported in September 2003, was shot one other time and by the way cannot use his arm, what does a vendetta started in 2005 have to do with the price of the article I wrote?

It's probably how and why Akram died

Marilyn Shepherd: "...what does a vendetta started in 2005 have to do with the price of the article I wrote?"

It's probably how and why Akram died. You said you were interested in finding out.

I know you to be a great admirer of Paul McGeough

"The Fatah shot my uncle in 1992 after he was accused of being an Israeli agent."

Paul McGeough's excellent research an article shows that what happened to the Al Masri clan members was not simply somehow the random and gratuitous actions of Fatah at all, but one more episode in  a long-running an rather awful clan feud with dreadful violence by members of both sides.

That hardly excuses the injustices done to innocents.

I know you to be a great admirer of Paul McGeough. I was sure you'd appreciate me bringing the artcle to your attention.

What happened to Akram al-Masri, according to Paul McGeough

Here's some background on the clan feud that took Akram al-Masri, researched and written by Paul McGeough:

IT BEGAN with a mango three years ago. A member of Gaza's powerful Masri clan had stopped to buy fruit at a roadside stall in 2005, but the vendor did not have enough small change to break his 20 shekel note - equal to $5.

The Masri man pulled a gun and killed the vendor, who was a member of the Abu Taha clan.

By the end of last year, the ensuing feud had claimed the lives of 29 people - 10 from neither clan. Sixty had been wounded and homes and businesses on both sides had been torched....

Mind you, for some, even Australia is not a safe place for refugees:

The family of a Sudanese refugee who died after being attacked outside a western Sydney hotel, have appealed for help to find his killers.

A group of men attacked 26-year-old Geoffrey Taban at Parramatta in Sydney's west in the early hours of Saturday December the 9th.

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