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Running dry

Running dry
by John Pratt

Water is the oil of the 21st century,” declares Andrew Liveris, the chief executive of Dow, a chemical company. Like oil, water is a critical lubricant of the global economy. And as with oil, supplies of water—at least, the clean, easily accessible sort—are coming under enormous strain because of the growing global population and an emerging middle-class in Asia that hankers for the water-intensive life enjoyed by people in the West.

Oil prices have fallen from their recent peaks, but concerns about the availability of freshwater show no sign of abating. Goldman Sachs, an investment bank, estimates that global water consumption is doubling every 20 years, which it calls an “unsustainable” rate of growth. Water, unlike oil, has no substitute. Climate change is altering the patterns of freshwater availability in complex ways that can lead to more frequent and severe droughts.

The global economy continues to grow. Our wealth is underpinned by the need for this continual growth. When the rate of growth stalls we are warned of recession. Recently we have been hurt by the high price of oil due to supply not meeting demand. This situation can only get worse as our supply of fossil fuel runs out. With the demand for water doubling every twenty years, we are witnessing the folly of this continual demand for growth. The planet is struggling to keep up with these demands.

The ravenous demand for fossil fuels to feed our lust for energy is contributing to climate change. Climate change is now causing severe droughts around the world. The rich may turn to desalination plants which, if fueled by fossil fuels, will only make matters worse.

The Secretary-General of the United Nations says that prevention of the looming water crisis should be a top priority:

Prevention of the looming water crisis should receive top priority in 2008, according to UN Secretary-general Ban Ki-moon.

At an economic conference in January [the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland], Ki-Moon said the conflict in the Darfur region of Sudan was touched off by drought and that water shortages have contributed to poverty and social hardship in numerous countries, including Somalia, Israel, Sri Lanka, Colombia and Kazakhstan, he said.

"Too often, where we need water, we find guns instead," he said. "Population growth will make the problem worse. So will climate change."

The main reason we are running out of natural resources is our continued population growth. If we keep to current trends the global population will be 9 billion by 2050 and about 12 billion by 2100. No thought seems to be given to how we are going to meet the demands of 12 billion people:

Cornell University Professor David Pimentel, and his collaborators, have argued convincingly that an optimal and sustainable world population would be no greater than 1.5 to 2.0 billion (Pimentel, Giampetro, and Bukkens, 1998).

Their arguments can be briefly summarized as follows: The natural resources needed to sustain human life — ample fertile land, water, energy, forests and diverse natural biota — are finite. Population growth is reducing their per capita availability, and forcing greater reliance on diminishing fossil fuels. Trade and technology have masked these natural limits, but cannot compensate for the shrinkage of natural resources per capita.

Overexploitation of the earth’s natural capital is causing what Pimentel terms a “hypercycle:” rising fossil energy inputs yield progressively fewer resources. Top soil is lost 30 times faster than it is replaced. Fresh water sources are overdrawn and degraded. The myriad species which serve human life are disappearing at the rate of 150 a day. The planet’s inability to process the waste products of mass consumption of fossil fuels results in acid rain and global warming.

In Australia we continue to pay a baby bonus to encourage fertile women to go out and have more babies. It is hard to understand a policy that encourages population growth when the world is running dry.

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World first for wave energy in Fremantle

Carnegie Corporation Ltd (ASX: CNM) is pleased to announce that three CETO II pumps have been installed at their Wave Energy Research Facility at Fremantle, Western Australia. The units are fully instrumented and connected to the on-shore facilities which include a demonstration pelton wheel hydro-electric turbine. This is the first time that multiple CETO II pumps have been installed and operated together in an array format. The units are performing within their design specification.

Carnegie’s Managing Director Dr Michael Ottaviano said:

“Having multiple units operating in a small array is a significant step forward in the development of the technology and may be the first time anywhere in the world that multiple wave energy units have been connected in an array. The instrumentation and recording of the array allows us to understand in detail the performance of each pump and the array as a whole.” Data will be collected and analysed from these units and along with the feasibility data from potential commercial project sites will be used to develop the final commercial scale CETO III design in 2009.

Not only are we one step closer to base load renewable energy but also to no emission desalination.

The world is running increasingly short of freshwater. It is estimated that nearly 2/3rds of the entire world will be water scarce by the year 2030. Because 97.25% of the world's water is in its oceans and most of the rest is in ice caps, only 0.01% of all the water in the world is accessible without seawater desalination. Currently though desalination is very energy intensive and is therefore a greenhouse gas emitter. A 500kL/day desalination plant operating on Australia's eastern seaboard emits the equivalent of nearly 1,000,000 tonnes of CO2 per year or an extra 220,000 cars on the road every year*.

CETO differs from other wave energy technologies under development by pumping water directly ashore under high pressure rather than generating electricity offshore and transmitting it back to shore via high voltage cables.

This makes CETO the most efficient and cost effective way to desalinate freshwater from wave energy.

This could be a fresh water solution for Australian cities that are running dry.

Water tops the list of 15 planetary emergencies

The 15 Planetary Emergencies identified by the World Federation of Scientists are:

  • Water
  • Soil
  • Food
  • Energy
  • Pollution
  • Limits of Development
  • Climatic Changes
  • Global Monitoring of the Planet
  • Missile Proliferation and Defence
  • Science and Technology for Developing Countries
  • Organ Substitution
  • Medicine and Biotechnology
  • Cultural Pollution
  • Defence Against Cosmic Objects
  • Conversion of Military Resources

The World Federation of Scientists (WFS) was founded in Erice, Sicily, in 1973, by a group of eminent scientists led by Isidor Isaac Rabi and Antonino Zichichi. Since then, many other scientists have affiliated themselves with the Federation, among them T. D. Lee, Laura Fermi, Eugene Wigner, Paul Dirac and Piotr Kapitza.

The WFS is a free association, which has grown to include more than 10,000 scientists drawn from 110 countries. All members share the same aims and ideals and contribute voluntarily to uphold the Federation's Principles. The Federation promotes international collaboration in science and technology between scientists and researchers from all parts of the world - North, South, East and West. The Federation and its members strive towards an ideal of free exchange of information, where scientific discoveries and advances are no longer restricted to a select few. The aim is to share this knowledge among the people of all nations, so that everyone may experience the benefits of the progress of science.

If we are going to protect this planet from human activities that threaten to destroy it, we will need all our intelligence. At least 10,000 scientists have signed up to the World Federation of Scientist to monitor the effects we are having on the planet. Water is right up there with threats to the planet.

Ah but John

The reason "we" are encouraged to have babies is so that we don't import "them", because they are not us you see. Somehow the notion is that an Australian born baby is far superior to a baby born "over there". Bizarre isn't it?

But, Australia is not running out of water, we have sick rivers which is entirely different.

For an excellent report of the situation let me recommend Asa Whalquist's book Thirsty Country - you will be surprised at the amount of water we actually do have.

One example - the great artesian basin has over 430 years of supply at today's level of usage.

What we need to do with the rivers is stop the farming communities on their banks, those people who pour in the filth and pollutants, hormones and pesticides, and use those rivers for basic human needs while forcing lazy farmers to use crops that rely on rain in season and not the crops like wine grapes that are not much use to anyone really except those who like grog.

Instead we are having this bogus "debate" in Australia where it is easy to blame Kevin Rudd and Penny Wong for the 110 year history of stuffing up those rivers and we support and prop up the very people who have made the mess.

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